ISO refers to how sensitive a camera is to light. Photographs taken in well-lit conditions are typically shot at a low ISO in order to minimize grain and loss of detail. When shooting in poorly-lit conditions where you cannot use a flash, a higher ISO allows for better-lit photographs at the cost of visual fidelity and color accuracy. The above image is properly exposed, whereas the below images are underexposed and overexposed as a result of improper ISO calibration.
Tips
Crank the ISO to a higher value when shooting in low-light conditions where it might not be acceptable to use flash.
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Ideally, you should always leave the ISO setting as low as possible to take the clearest photographs possible.
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ISO is typically adjusted by opening a menu within the DSLR camera's settings, but it is usually safe to leave it on automatic.
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